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Types of novel

Gothic fiction (gothic novel) is a genre of literature that combines elements of both horror and romance. As a genre, it is generally believed to have been invented by the English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel The Castle of Otranto. The effect of gothic fiction depends on a pleasing sort of terror, an extension of essentially Romantic literary pleasures that were relatively new at the time of Walpole's novel.
Prominent features of gothic fiction include terror (both psychological and physical), mystery, the supernatural, ghosts, haunted houses and Gothic architecture, castles, darkness, death, decay, doubles, madness, secrets and hereditary curses. The stock characters of gothic fiction include tyrants, villains, bandits, maniacs, Byronic heroes, persecuted maidens, femmes fatales, madwomen, magicians, vampires, werewolves, monsters, demons, revenants, ghosts, perambulating skeletons, the Wandering Jew and the Devil himself.

The thriller is a broad genre of literature, film, and television. It includes numerous, often overlapping sub-genres.
Thrillers are characterized by fast pacing, frequent action, and resourceful heroes who must thwart the plans of more-powerful and better-equipped villains. Literary devices such as suspense, red herrings, and cliffhangers are used extensively.
The thriller genre can include the following sub-genres, which may include elements of other genres:
- Spy thrillers (also a subgenre of spy fiction), examples include From Russia with Love by Ian Fleming, The Bourne Identity by Robert Ludlum
- Political thrillers, in which the hero must ensure the stability of the government that employs him. Seven Days in May (1962) by Fletcher Knebel and The Day of the Jackal (1971) by Frederick Forsyth
- Supernatural thrillers, in which the conflict is between main characters, usually one of which has supernatural powers. Carrie by Stephen King and Unbreakable by M. Night Shyamalan are notable examples of this genre.
(Jest ich więcej ale na wykładzie były tylko te podrodzaje thrillers novel)

A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author. Sienkiewicz, Prus ‘Faroaon’, Victor Hugo’s The Hunchback of Notre Dame

Crime fiction (crime novel) is the genre of fiction that deals with crimes, their detection, criminals, and their motives. Crime fiction began to be considered as a serious genre only around 1900. The earliest inspiration for books and novels from this genre came from earlier dark works of Edgar Allan Poe (e.g., "The Murders in the Rue Morgue" (1841), "The Mystery of Marie Roget" (1842), and "The Purloined Letter" (1844)). Wilkie Collins, Charles Dickens, Arthur Conan Doyle Sherlock Holmes

A memoir (from the Latin memoria, meaning "memory") forms a subclass of autobiography, although it is an older form of writing. Memoirs may appear less structured and less encompassing than formal autobiographical works as they are usually about part of a life rather than the chronological telling of a life from childhood to adulthood/old age. Like most autobiographies, memoirs are generally written from the first person point of view. (Władysław Bartoszewski - his memoris)

Utopian fiction is the creation of an ideal world as the setting for a novel.(Ignacy Krasicki) Dystopian fiction is the opposite: creation of a nightmare world, where utopian ideals have been subverted. Many novels combine both, often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take in its choices, ending up with one of two possible futures. Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction writing.

An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and other documents are sometimes used. Recently, electronic "documents", such as blogs and e-mails have also come into use. The word epistolary comes from the word epistle, meaning a letter. (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Jan Dobraczyński)

A serial novel - episodes were published and sold separately. (Henryk Sienkiewicz, Emile Zola)

A roman à clef or roman à clé (French for "novel with a key") is a novel describing real-life events behind a façade of fiction. The Devil Wears Prada (2003) by Lauren Weisberger.

A family story (Galsworthy John, The Forsyte saga,)

Kunstlerroman (artist’s novel)

A travel novel (R. Kapuściński, A. Szklarski, J.Verne)

A poetic novel – short distance between an author and readers; a hero is mysterious; friends don’t understand him. (J. Słowacki, Beniowski; G. G. Byron)

A radio novel – (Matusiakowie, W Jezioranach)